COURAGE

Підключення Колекцій

Hungarian researchers began studying the traditional culture of the city of Szék and the surrounding area in Romania in the 1940s, but their findings were only published in the 1970s. It was striking that Romanian folk dance groups did not include dances from Szék in their shows, and the locals from Szék did not present dances at national folklore festivals and competitions before 1969. Szék became popular among professional and amateur researchers because of a monograph on the region on which planning began at the end of the 1950s. Hungarian researchers, therefore, started to travel to Szék in the second half of the 1950s. In this period, travel was not easy, but it was possible. In 1965, Ferenc Novák wrote a paper about the dance culture of Szék. For a long time, only silent films were available about the dance culture of Szék. The turning point came in 1969, when Zoltán Kallós, György Martin, and Pál Sztanó cooperated with the Romanian Academy of Sciences and shot sound films about the Szék folk dances. This constituted an important breakthrough in the research, because the music could be heard while audiences saw the dances, so it became possible to learn the steps. Between 1959 and 1969, six sound dance films were made by Ferenc Novák, Gyula Varga, Jolán Borbély, Gabriella Böröcz, László Gurka, László Vásárhelyi, Zoltán Kallós, and György Martin.
In the middle of the 1960s, photographer Péter Korniss also travelled to Szék and took thousands of photos of traditional folk dance houses. The interest in the folk dances of Szék grew thanks to the sound films, and soon, more and more ethnographers, folklorists, photographers, amateur researchers, and people with an interest in traditional folk culture traveled to the city. These events are closely linked to the new wave of folklorism in Hungary, the so-called “Fly Peacock Festivals.” In the first dance house, which was held on 6 May 1972, the participants could imitate the style and atmosphere of a traditional dance house in Szék thanks to the work done by the people who had compiled collections on the music and dances of Szék. 
Today, these films are available in color and digital versions.

The Constituent Congress of the Roma-Gypsy Union was held in Brno on 30^th August 1969. There were 176 delegates from Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia with a majority of them being men. The downing session was opened by Antonín Daniel, a member of the Central Committee. Representatives of various ministries and state and party bodies attended the congress. After the initial welcome, the participants of the Congress greeted Roma victims of Nazism. The key speeches were the speech by Tomáš Holomek and Miroslav Holomek. Tomáš Holomek started the meeting and according to him the history of the Roma was characterised by "... oppression, persecution, racial discrimination and attempts to assimilate violently, with tendencies of physical liquidation and genocide." The period after the war saw a new hope for the Roma. According to Tomáš Holomek, the Union should become a means of "self-realisation of the Roma, of whom almost a third were illiterate, and most of them lived in difficult social conditions." After the opening speech of Tomáš Holomek, a discussion took place, where more than 20 delegates made their contributions. The final speech was given by Miroslav Holomek, who summed up the discussion and also characterised the future activity of the association and its focus. He outlined the most serious problems that the Roma community faces and identified them as priority tasks. These include, for example, health, social, educational, housing, etc. He also addressed the issue of the Roma community as well as the importance of promoting and creating Roma pride. This contribution ended the first congress of the Roma in the Czech lands.